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BLE GATT Fundamentals for Product Engineers

November 20, 20236 min read

Advertising before connection

A peripheral broadcasts advertising packets containing AD structures (flags, name, service UUIDs). A central scans, then sends a connection request. Tune the advertising interval to trade discovery latency against power.

Connection events

Once connected, communication happens in connection events spaced by the connection interval. A larger interval saves power; a smaller one reduces latency. Choose based on your product's interaction model.

Designing the GATT table

Model your device as Services containing Characteristics, each with properties (Read/Write/Notify). Use Notify for streaming sensor data so the central isn't forced to poll, and keep characteristic payloads within the negotiated MTU.